password authentication

This commit is contained in:
2025-04-02 01:22:32 +02:00
parent 67eb731e2a
commit f37d7bec80

View File

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
#!/bin/bash
# Warning: Before running this script, make sure you have created a user and an SSH key in the authorized_keys file.
# This script is designed to configure the SSH server on a Linux system according to Mozilla's security best practices.
# It enhances the security of SSH connections by enforcing modern encryption standards, disabling insecure protocols, and restricting root access.
# The script backs up the original SSH configuration file, applies a new set of secure settings, and then restarts the SSH service to apply the changes.
# These settings include disabling password authentication, limiting access to strong ciphers and key exchange methods, and enhancing brute-force protection.
# These recommendations are based on Mozilla's guidelines, which can be found here: https://infosec.mozilla.org/guidelines/openssh
# This script configures SSH server security settings following Mozilla's guidelines
# It allows choosing between SSH key and password authentication methods
# Reference: https://infosec.mozilla.org/guidelines/openssh
# Usage:
# To run this script, save it as "secure_ssh.sh" and make it executable by running the command: `chmod +x secure_ssh.sh`.
# After that, execute it with root privileges using: `sudo ./secure_ssh.sh`.
# The script will automatically apply the recommended configuration changes and restart the SSH service.
# 1. Save this script as "secure_ssh.sh"
# 2. Make it executable: chmod +x secure_ssh.sh
# 3. Run with root privileges: sudo ./secure_ssh.sh
# 4. Follow the interactive prompts to configure your SSH security settings
# Check if the script is run as root
if [[ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]]; then
@@ -19,16 +16,59 @@ if [[ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]]; then
exit 1
fi
# Variables
# Define important variables
# SSHD_CONFIG: Location of the SSH daemon configuration file
# BACKUP_FILE: Location of the backup file with timestamp
SSHD_CONFIG="/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
BACKUP_FILE="${SSHD_CONFIG}_$(date +'%Y%m%d_%H%M%S').bak" # Backup with date and time
BACKUP_FILE="${SSHD_CONFIG}_$(date +'%Y%m%d_%H%M%S').bak"
# Backup the old configuration with a timestamp
# Create a backup of the current SSH configuration
# This allows rollback if something goes wrong
cp "$SSHD_CONFIG" "$BACKUP_FILE"
# Ask user if they want to restrict SSH access to a single IP
read -p "Do you want to restrict SSH access to a single IP? (yes/no): " restrict_ip
# Present authentication method options to the user
echo "Choose authentication method:"
echo "1) SSH key only (more secure)"
echo "2) Password authentication"
read -p "Enter your choice (1 or 2): " auth_choice
# Handle authentication method selection
case $auth_choice in
1)
# Configure SSH key authentication
auth_method="PasswordAuthentication no"
echo "SSH key authentication selected"
# Check for existing SSH key configuration
if [ ! -f "/root/.ssh/authorized_keys" ]; then
read -p "No SSH key found. Would you like to add one now? (yes/no): " add_key
if [[ "$add_key" == "yes" ]]; then
# Create SSH directory with proper permissions
mkdir -p /root/.ssh
read -p "Paste your public SSH key: " ssh_key
echo "$ssh_key" >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
# Set proper permissions for SSH files
chmod 700 /root/.ssh
chmod 600 /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
else
echo "Warning: No SSH key configured. You might be locked out!"
exit 1
fi
fi
;;
2)
# Configure password authentication
auth_method="PasswordAuthentication yes"
echo "Password authentication selected"
;;
*)
echo "Invalid choice. Exiting."
exit 1
;;
esac
# Configure IP restriction options
read -p "Do you want to restrict SSH access to a single IP? (yes/no): " restrict_ip
if [[ "$restrict_ip" == "yes" ]]; then
read -p "Enter the IP address to allow SSH access: " allowed_ip
allow_users="AllowUsers *@${allowed_ip}"
@@ -36,7 +76,7 @@ else
allow_users="# AllowUsers configuration not set"
fi
# Ask user if they want to change the SSH port
# Configure SSH port options
read -p "Do you want to change the SSH port? (yes/no): " change_port
if [[ "$change_port" == "yes" ]]; then
read -p "Enter the new SSH port: " new_port
@@ -45,46 +85,68 @@ else
port_setting="# Port configuration not changed"
fi
# Modify the sshd_config file
# Create new SSH configuration file with secure settings
# This configuration follows Mozilla's Modern OpenSSH server recommendations
cat <<EOL > "$SSHD_CONFIG"
# Mozilla SSH Security Recommendations
# SSH Server Configuration
# Generated by secure_ssh.sh script
# Based on Mozilla's Modern OpenSSH server configuration
# Last modified: $(date)
# Protocol version (only SSH protocol 2 is secure)
Protocol 2
# Enable only secure ciphers
# Authentication configuration
$auth_method
# Cryptographic settings
# Only modern, secure ciphers are enabled
Ciphers chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr
# Enable only secure key exchange algorithms
# Key exchange algorithms
KexAlgorithms curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256
# Enable only secure MAC algorithms
# Message Authentication Codes (MACs)
MACs hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512
# Disable password authentication for stronger security
PasswordAuthentication no
# Disable old host keys
# Host keys
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
# Restrict root access
# Access control settings
PermitRootLogin no
# Strict connection policy
MaxAuthTries 3
LoginGraceTime 30
# Additional security recommendations
# Additional security measures
AllowTcpForwarding no
MaxSessions 2
LogLevel VERBOSE
ClientAliveInterval 300
ClientAliveCountMax 2
# IP restriction based on user input
# IP restriction settings
$allow_users
# SSH port based on user input
# Port configuration
$port_setting
EOL
# Restart the SSH service
# Restart SSH service to apply new configuration
systemctl restart sshd
echo "SSH configuration has been updated and backed up to $BACKUP_FILE according to Mozilla's security recommendations."
# Display completion message and warnings
echo "SSH configuration has been updated and backed up to $BACKUP_FILE"
if [[ "$auth_choice" == "1" ]]; then
echo "WARNING: Make sure you have a valid SSH key configured before logging out!"
echo "Your backup file is located at: $BACKUP_FILE"
fi
# Additional information
echo "
Important notes:
1. Keep your backup file ($BACKUP_FILE) safe
2. Test your new SSH configuration in a new session before logging out
3. If you get locked out, use the backup file to restore the previous configuration
4. For key-based authentication, ensure your public key is properly configured
"