Corrections to file extensions.

backup_and_restore/annual_backup_with_max_compression.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# This script is designed to perform an annual backup of a source directory directly to a compressed `.tar.xz` archive for maximum compression.
+# It allows excluding specified files or directories from the archive during the backup process.
+# Additionally, it generates a SHA-256 checksum for each archive, saving it in a corresponding `.sha256` file for integrity verification.
+# Finally, it removes older archives and their checksum files exceeding a specified retention period (e.g., 5 years), ensuring backup rotation.
+
+# Usage:
+# To use this script, save it as "annual_backup_with_max_compression.sh" and make it executable with the command `chmod +x annual_backup_with_max_compression.sh`.
+# You can define exclusions either in the EXCLUDE_LIST array or in a file specified by EXCLUDE_FILE.
+# Automate the execution annually by adding this cron job: `0 0 1 1 * /path/to/script/annual_backup_with_max_compression.sh`
+
+# Variables
+SOURCE_DIR="/path/to/source_directory"               # Source directory to back up
+ARCHIVE_DIR="/path/to/archive_directory"             # Directory where tar.xz archives are stored
+ARCHIVE_NAME="backup-$(date +%Y).tar.xz"             # Archive name with the year
+CHECKSUM_FILE="$ARCHIVE_NAME.sha256"                 # SHA-256 checksum file name (relative path)
+RETENTION_YEARS=5                                    # Number of years to retain archives
+RETENTION_DAYS=$((RETENTION_YEARS * 365))            # Retention period in days (5 years)
+
+# Exclusion settings
+EXCLUDE_LIST=()                                      # Inline exclusion list, add patterns here (e.g., "*.tmp", "node_modules")
+EXCLUDE_FILE=""                                      # File with additional exclude patterns, one per line (e.g., "/path/to/exclude_file.txt")
+
+# Build tar exclusion options
+TAR_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS=()
+for pattern in "${EXCLUDE_LIST[@]}"; do
+    TAR_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS+=("--exclude=$pattern")
+done
+if [ -n "$EXCLUDE_FILE" ]; then
+    TAR_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS+=("--exclude-from=$EXCLUDE_FILE")
+fi
+
+# 1. Create a tar.xz archive directly from the source directory with maximum compression, preserving file permissions
+tar -cJf "$ARCHIVE_DIR/$ARCHIVE_NAME" "${TAR_EXCLUDE_OPTIONS[@]}" -C "$SOURCE_DIR" . --preserve-permissions
+
+# 2. Change to the archive directory and generate a SHA-256 checksum with relative paths
+(
+    cd "$ARCHIVE_DIR" || exit
+    sha256sum "$ARCHIVE_NAME" > "$CHECKSUM_FILE"
+)
+
+# 3. Remove older archives and checksum files (older than 5 years)
+find "$ARCHIVE_DIR" -type f -name "backup-*.tar.xz" -mtime +$RETENTION_DAYS -exec rm {} \;
+find "$ARCHIVE_DIR" -type f -name "backup-*.tar.xz.sha256" -mtime +$RETENTION_DAYS -exec rm {} \;
+
+echo "Annual backup with maximum compression and checksum completed: $ARCHIVE_NAME"